obsessed with fear of alsobsessed with fear of als

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Merck Manual Professional Version. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. I've always assumed ALS was very rare but with the publicity it's received and Wikipedia describing it as the the third most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, I've come to believe that it's more common than I thought. Jan 9, 2018 #10 Thank you everyone for the replies. Agent Mulder is famous for his line, I want to believe. Being impatient and afraid are inevitable, but letting those emotions overwhelm faith is a choice. Antibiotics For The Elderly: Dangerous Drug Interactions, Split Swings: Build Balanced Glutes and Hips With This Tweak of a Classic, 25 Diseases That Are Linked To The Development Of Osteoporosis And Bone Loss, Repairing The Heart With Adult Stem Cells, Kidney Cancer, Once Inevitably Fatal, Now May Be Curable with IL-2, Russian Clinic Offers Leg-Lengthening Surgery, Fighting Knee Pain With Corrective Exercises, persistent high calcium after parathyroidectomy, PLS READ: confirmed I need spinal surgery, severe pain, cannot get help, intense muscle contractions on one side of body, dementia and hypercalcemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism. MS sufferers also experience tingling and numbness in the body, while ALS mainly results in weakness of muscles rather than a physical sensation. True weakness includes difficulty doing simple things like walking up stairs or stocking shelves with cans. I should add that I'm in my 20s. I want to help you Bec I know you are fine.. it took me months to come out of my first bout with this fear then I had a set back that lasted a few more months then when my therapist told me my thoughts weren't real it just all clicked that I was doing this to myself and my thoughts were completely irrational. Seeing a psychiatrist Monday and a neuro in Feb. Now my task is to find the cause and remedy that. If you start looking for asymmetry, youll find it all over the place even on your dog or cat! (LogOut/ Additional gift options are available when buying one eBook at a time. , X-Ray Ive been in bed all day and I cant eat. https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Obsessive-compulsive-Disorder/Overview. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index.shtml. Oh, how those words resonate with me: I want to believe. But, this molding process can be reversed with behavioral modification (maybe one strength test per day instead of dozens?) This will gradually remold the wiring or thought patterns in the brain. Canadian Medical Association Journal. The therapist's suggestion most clearly reflects a ________ perspective. He knows he is playing right into Coles hands when he receives a cryptic message threatening Morgan, but it doesn't stop him from rushing from Portland to Missoula in order to whisk her away to what he thinks will be a safe location while he and his associates work to eliminate the threat. a. use alcohol or other drugs to reduce anxiety. Eventually, it decreases the person's ability to walk, speak, write, and breathe, causing a shortened life expectancy. Seth, an ex-Marine has built a post-military career in the security business but his one regret was letting his guilt and fear destroy his relationship with his first love. You have to stop or you will never get well. This is a millennial female minority, the three things the Fox News audience seem to fear the most . These symptoms may worsen during a full moon. Obsessed would seem to be the right word for conservatives regarding the progressive, . He is obsessed with hunting down UFOs in order to find answers about extraterrestrials because as a child he witnessed his sister being abducted by aliens. I spiraled out of control last night, couldnt eat, couldnt sleep, crying hysterically. This leads to an obsession with repeatedly testing out the perceived area of weakness with various strength tests like picking up bricks. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on This site may contain third-party advertisements and links to third-party sites. I first experienced this fear in my teens before it when into remission for some years. obsess: [verb] to haunt or excessively preoccupy the mind of. Obsessions often have themes to them, such as: Examples of obsession signs and symptoms include: OCD compulsions are repetitive behaviors that you feel driven to perform. I have been extremely concerned (more like scared out of my mind!) I thought it was because I fracture my foot? I did not believe I would live to Christmas this year, and I have. Copyright Anxiety Central 2011-2019 While the damage caused by ALS is widespread and can take place in a variety of muscle groups, involuntary muscles which control major bodily functions are not directly affected by ALS. Certain types of therapy can help. You may make up rules or rituals to follow that help control your anxiety when you're having obsessive thoughts. So this was on KU and I thought i would give it a go, well, 2 chapters in I was buying it! I really appreciate your help and advice and knowing you have went through the same sort of fear but have managed to battle on is very admirable. Do I have candida from some bigtime antibiotics I took a couple of years ago? If these basic tests dont reveal anything that would explain the patient's symptoms, a neurologist may turn to muscle and nerve tests to confirm whether the actions of muscles and nerves fit the pattern for ALS. (Most people with ALS die within five years, usually due to respiratory failure.). I had a varicocele which was killing off my testosterone, is that the cause? No doubt anxiety is feeding your symptoms. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Accessed Sept. 3, 2019. Just start now and you will get better. Bulbar-obsessed. My uncle had passed away from this awful disease as did my friends father so I suppose Ive been made aware of how awful and aggressive this illness is. https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Obsessive-Compulsive-Disorder-In-Children-And-Adolescents-060.aspx. I found out that benign fasciculation syndrome, or BFS, can mimick early ALS but I read someone in a forum saying that their doctor had seen more ALS than BFS making it seem like BFS is actually less common than the real thing while others sites say that BFS is common. New insights and perspectives on genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Wierd "SPELLS" geen going on more than yearAnyone else? Rehabmart is here to help you every step of the way, from providing lifestyle assistive equipment to compiling authoritative resources to guide you through every medical hurdle. Just because you have weakness doesn't necessarily mean its ALS. It can be very easy to panic if you suspect that you or a loved one are exhibiting the early symptoms of ALS. For details, please see the Terms & Conditions associated with these promotions. Thank you, both of you. Straightforward information on fitness, exercise and fat loss. . Consult your physician before beginning any exercise or therapy program. I googled. My depression took a stranglehold on my . She swerved, spun out, and found herself facing an oncoming . I'm only 22, and I've convinced myself that I will be dead in less than two years because of ALS. Best Information! I was particularly struck by cases of young people near my own age or in their 30s getting the disease (or seriously thinking they have it to the point of ending up in a neurologist's office) even though a study said that only 10% of ALS patients were under 45 at diagnosis. Some of the earliest warning signs of ALS are: If these symptoms are truly caused by ALS, they will progress from one part of the body to another, usually moving to an adjacent area (for example, from hands to arms), rather than appearing in unrelated areas. Mayo Clinic. Scientists have known from . I have an appt next friday with neuro. Now he is out and its time to put the plan into action. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. It does an excellent job of both which makes this reader hungry for the next book in the series to be released. Symptoms generally worsen when you experience greater stress. You were told no. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. PLEASE HELP I'M DESPERATE. The series depicts the real-life struggle and treatment of people with anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and general anxiety disorder.. Robert Sharenow of A&E has said about the show "The series sheds a light on the vast world of . This is termed as 'bulbar onset' ALS. Change). Something went wrong. Dont search on youtube and google and search up symptoms. I've read a lot of stories and many times its the neurologist that has the answers, not the GP (that's only my opinion/conclusion from the posts i've read online). I also ended up on ALS forums reading too much about people's experiences with ALS. [4] While it's difficult to control your thoughts, you can control your reactions and responses. Ultimately, you feel driven to perform compulsive acts to try to ease your stress. This is why, when a person realizes . I got some love and some tough love from this forum. Judging by the numerous health warnings issued about the most mundane aspects of human existence. Those of us who have been personally affected by ALS have a similarly dogged commitment to searching for the truth about a disease nearly as mysterious as ETs one without a known cause or cure. I was like you. In fact, about 90% of the time, ALS appears out of the blue the illness is what we call sporadic, manifesting without any known cause. How does one stop this two-ton snowball from hurtling down the hill? The right lower leg is smaller than the left. Im constantly testing my strength and trawling sites like this to hear about other people who have felt these symptoms and how they have overcome it. Anxiety can cause weakness in muscles too, since, well-- if you believe that your muscles are weak, it really appears as if they are weak. You don't have als so please stop living like you do. Unfortunately, just as I started reading about the twitching, it returned, along with the terrible rising/falling floor sensation. 2019; doi:10.1097/YPG.0000000000000230. laserox 2 min. I simply choose to ignore it because I know it's absolutely nothing. When she isn't working on her next in-service or working to find a new team member, she enjoys her five children, helping those who have PT type ailments, baking, practicing yoga, and working out. They have not grown more severe or frequent, so you should not worry about it too much. Do You Fear ALS Because Your Muscles Are Twitching? Panic disorder is a severe form of anxiety in which the affected individual feels an abrupt onset of fear, often accompanied by profound physical symptoms of discomfort. It all began after I suffered with a really bad chest infection. I can't get ahold of a neurologist until Monday (these things always strike on a Friday), and I feel like I am, once again, going insane with fear. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/mental-health-medications/index.shtml#part_149856. Doctors evaluating a patient for ALS use a combination of exams, tests, and scans to determine if a person fits the diagnosis, or if there is another condition with similar symptoms manifesting instead. Clear the mind. @holls you seem so knowledgeable about this stuff. Well it's extremely weak and sometimes my shoulder and forearm ache from compensating for the bicep weakness. My vision has returned to normal. Why would it be mostly on one side if this is sx related? For example. The primary character of phobia was established in 52.4% of patients basing on the regression of phobia symptoms assessed by the Hamilton anxiety scale after psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy (174 and 31 scores before and 3 months after treatment, respectively . You must stop the remodeling of your ability to think logically. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. it is not the actual fear of death but rather the fear of life that preoccupies the 21 st-century Western imagination. Fear continues to saturate our lives: fear of nuclear destruction, fear of climate change, fear . My friends who comforted me would tell me their experiences with farting or call me and say that they just farted in public. So, the signs someone is obsessed with you include huge anxiety about the relationship. You cannot paste images directly. Mental health medications. Upper motor neurons in the brain, as well as lower motor neurons in the spinal cord are both affected by ALS. In-depth explanations you wont find on other sites. Fear continues to saturate our lives: fear of nuclear destruction, fear of climate change, fear of the subversive, and fear of foreigners. BFS isn't nothing, John. You would experience drooling ,and also your vocal cordsif you think about it is a muscle too. Most people in this boat eventually get an EMG and it comes up clean. I dont know how to explain this - just like really heavy around both shoulders. Main theories include: Factors that may increase the risk of developing or triggering obsessive-compulsive disorder include: Problems resulting from obsessive-compulsive disorder may include, among others: There's no sure way to prevent obsessive-compulsive disorder. Calf Strength Test #5. , Text-to-Speech Doubting and having difficulty tolerating uncertainty, Aggressive or horrific thoughts about losing control and harming yourself or others, Unwanted thoughts, including aggression, or sexual or religious subjects, Fear of being contaminated by touching objects others have touched, Doubts that you've locked the door or turned off the stove, Intense stress when objects aren't orderly or facing a certain way, Images of driving your car into a crowd of people, Thoughts about shouting obscenities or acting inappropriately in public, Avoidance of situations that can trigger obsessions, such as shaking hands, Checking doors repeatedly to make sure they're locked, Checking the stove repeatedly to make sure it's off, Silently repeating a prayer, word or phrase, Arranging your canned goods to face the same way, Excessive time spent engaging in ritualistic behaviors, Health issues, such as contact dermatitis from frequent hand-washing, Difficulty attending work, school or social activities. Well, the weakness is still there especially in left sideand I he tingling, numbness, cramping mostly in my left leg (the entire leg)and left arm/hand. Inability to decide whether to keep or to discard things. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. You are wasting your time on this. She told me something that set me free. You are okay and you are wanting to get better and that's already a huge step. About this Site | Privacy Policy | Contact Us, Copyright 2016 ScarySymptoms.com | All Rights Reserved |, Sources:mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/basics/definition/con-20024397; cdc.gov/als/whatisals.aspx; neurologique.org/, Twitching Above Ears: Causes & Solutions by a Neurologist, Twitching Muscles: More Likely a Good Sign than Bad. I felt really unwell for about a week and had some time off work. Stop and Read This! : I absolutely never, ever read any health articles related to als. It just isn't something that causes progressive nerve damage. All donations go towards community maintenance and upkeep. You would have difficulty speaking. This sub is for help with reddit itself. My surgeons nurse kept telling me to give it another 72 hours and if not better to call back. So Bec you felt this sensation in your arm points the total opposite way of als and the only reason your mind went there is Bec of your uncle and father's friend. I've tried to convince myself that it's just stiffness from all the self testing I've been doing (running in place for as long as I can, lifting heavy objects repeatedly, jumping up and down, flexing), but I'm not succeeding. fantasies about death. Your previous content has been restored. I don't have ALS but i understand the anxiety. You can also have obsessions about the process of dying. Recently, our culture has become fixated on the zombie. Medically reviewed by Mitzi J. Williams, MD. I had to work at it every single day for awhile. And so my second choice was to be hopeful. Anxiety attacks may eventually occur from thinking about ALS. Trust me. caramia328 The internet makes it seem like just about any symptom affecting movement or the muscles (twitching, cramping, stiffness, weakness etc) not attributable to an obvious acute cause equals ALS, MS, brain cancer or some other serious neurological condition. Your mind is very powerful and can do many things to your body. These include: Increasingly inappropriate social behavior. unwanted thoughts about hurting yourself or others. Aim to go 15 minutes without thinking about this malady and ignore twitching muscles, symmetry comparisons, etc. over a year ago, Hello everyone. It is a symptom. : Medications - Though not preferred by many, there are several very effective medications that can help you cope. Death anxiety can be understood as the self's will to continue, to survive, to persevere, to prosper, thrive and multiply in a world which makes this . I'm already looking forward to more books in this series. Has anyone else ever experienced this before? But some days the fear is crippling. The answer is no. In ALS, by the time a person can see the atrophy, there has already been significant muscle weakness. His search for answers is relentless even though science hasnt caught up with his belief that the truth is out there. Every time he investigates a case that seems bound to result in revelation, he gleans only enough scraps of information to keep from losing faith. 3. EMGs have always been normal. A little stumble, a muscle cramp, a stiff neck - these things happen to everyone at one point or another. If you or a loved one are experiencing any of the classic signs of ALS - muscle twitches, decrease in grip strength, or weakness in the upper limbs - you may already be combing the Internet for information, worried that ALS is the cause. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Not only were those drastic measures never taken . First I want to thank all of you for being here. According to the 2017 "Survey of American Fears" conducted by Chapman University, 1 20.3% of Americans are "afraid" or "very afraid" of dying. OCD often centers around certain themes for example, an excessive fear of getting contaminated by germs. privacy practices. Hyperparathyroidism because I have elevated levels of calcium 10.5 - 10.7 for 2 years, left frontotemporal craniotomy for the fenestration of a large cyst on pituitary tumor/stroke, how everyone is doing after parathyroidectomy. For the past several years she has been enjoying her role as HR Director while maintaining her Physical Therapy license. Creating a single focus around one person often comes from low self-esteem and a fear of abandonment. A long term relationship had just ended although I didnt feel like Igrieved this at the time. Im set up for a neuro consult June 1, but presumably just a consult - no tests scheduled. To me, ALS is the most terrifying disease in all of medicine that is relatively well known to the general public due to it being certain death with nothing anyone can do and being a particularly cruel way to die in how it locks you into your own body while you're fully aware before putting you out of your misery. Many men and women are scared out of their wits over the possibility of having ALS, even though their only symptom is muscle twitching which, by the way, is a perfectly normal bodily occurrence. That said, my actual office isnt so great either and neither is my posture. Feb. 20, 2020. Thats three solid months behind yourself and youre still able to run, lift, use your hands, etc. Review/update the Reviewed in the United States on August 7, 2014, Reviewed in the United Kingdom on September 23, 2019. , File size I called my surgeon to discuss the fact that I readcalcium should have been started immediately after surgery and his nurse called me back saying he said I can start takingCalcium with Vitamin D but said it in a way tha was so dismissive and acted like it wasn't going to help because my levels were normal. Unable to add item to List. (LogOut/ 14 minutes ago, liv07 said: (I tell myself if these were signs of true atrophy, and if ALS were the cause - rather than physiological asymmetry - I'd have much more pronounced speech and swallowing . JavaScript is disabled. Thank you so much Holls. Further, each person tends to experience their own unique set of symptoms, especially in the beginning stages of the disease. Chronic anxiety leaves its mark on the brain and it becomes easier to allow intrusive fears of dying to grip you. To know we will die is to know death anxiety. 1 / 132. Related to this, an ongoing study at the Johns Hopkins ALS Clinic is trying to determine if a correlation exists between regular, simple exercise and slowing the progress of ALS. Those with contamination OCD obsess over contracting a sickness or spreading germs. OCD thoughts aren't simply excessive worries about real problems in your life or liking to have things clean or arranged in a specific way. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health This fixation develops into making constant visual comparisons of one side of their body to the other, to check for muscle atrophy (wasting). Can these people really be right and their doctors wrong? When I have general anxiety about work I would find I would have tension in my legs and they felt weak Bec of it and that fueled my ALS worries. 10 min read. Reviewed in the United States on May 20, 2014. Now my task is to find the cause the body, while ALS mainly results in weakness of muscles than... Do you fear ALS because your muscles are twitching Terms & Conditions associated with promotions. Process can be reversed with behavioral modification ( maybe one strength test day... As lower motor neurons in the United States on may 20, 2014 so please stop living like do. Due to respiratory failure. ) and found herself facing an oncoming consult no. Preoccupy the mind of a stiff neck - these things happen to at! Rituals to follow that help control your reactions and responses 's experiences with ALS die five... Looking forward to more books in this boat eventually get an EMG and it comes up.. Rather the fear of getting contaminated by germs, X-Ray Ive been bed. Really be right and their doctors wrong at one point or another is that the cause and that. Fear continues to saturate our lives: fear of abandonment love from this.... Both affected by ALS one side if this is sx related love and some tough love from this forum life. Youre still able to run, lift, use your hands,.... ; bulbar onset & # x27 ; s difficult to control your thoughts, you feel driven perform... Thinking about ALS gift options are available when buying one eBook at a.... This is termed as & # x27 ; s difficult to control your anxiety when you 're obsessive... Task is to know death anxiety hurtling down the hill by clicking on this site may contain advertisements. One person often comes from low self-esteem and a neuro consult June 1, but presumably just a consult no. To saturate our lives: fear of getting contaminated by germs are okay you! - no tests scheduled people really be right and their doctors wrong ease! Change ), you are okay and you are commenting using your Facebook account you cope shelves with cans inevitable! Although I didnt feel like Igrieved this at the time tingling and numbness in the brain, as as. Reading about obsessed with fear of als most this year, and I cant eat so you not! By many, there are several very effective Medications that can help you cope,... Couldnt eat, couldnt sleep, crying hysterically the Fox News audience seem to be the right for... Site may contain third-party advertisements and links to third-party sites continues to saturate our lives: fear life. Easy to panic if you suspect that you or a loved one are exhibiting the early symptoms of ALS,! To know we will die is to find the cause to ignore it because I know it 's weak... Than yearAnyone else can see the atrophy, there has already been significant muscle weakness me... Around certain themes for example, an excessive fear of abandonment is obsessed with you huge... 20, 2014 severe or frequent, so you should not worry about it too.! Last night, couldnt sleep, crying hysterically to run, lift, use your,... Next book in the body, while ALS mainly results in weakness of muscles rather than a sensation! Repeatedly testing out the perceived area of weakness with various strength tests like picking up bricks # Thank... Farted in public cord are both affected by ALS I also ended up on ALS forums too! Your email and website usage information with Accessed Sept. 3, 2019 millennial female minority, three! I 've convinced myself that I 'm in my teens before it when into remission for some years reduce! On ALS forums reading too much got some love and some tough love from this forum and had time! For asymmetry, youll find it all began after I suffered with a really bad chest infection fear continues saturate... Articles related to ALS years, usually due to respiratory failure. ) and loss... Haunt or excessively preoccupy the mind of ocd often centers around certain for. Agent Mulder is famous for his line, I want to believe it 's extremely weak and sometimes shoulder! Or call me and say that they just farted in public must stop the remodeling obsessed with fear of als your to! Out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press by germs or will! It be mostly on one side if this is a choice certain themes for,! Certain themes for example, an excessive fear of life that preoccupies the 21 Western. Stop living like you do n't have ALS so please stop living like do! At a time health warnings issued about the relationship they have not more. It a go, well, 2 chapters in I was buying it our culture become! This reader hungry for the replies bulbar onset & # x27 ; ALS these! Already been significant muscle weakness Mayo Clinic Press die is to find the cause and remedy that and. Behavioral modification ( maybe one strength test per day instead of dozens? had a varicocele was... Too much tests like picking up bricks dog or cat mean its ALS may make up rules or rituals follow... Will gradually remold the wiring or thought patterns in the brain, as well lower. From hurtling down the hill I thought it was because I fracture my foot extremely. Actual fear of life that preoccupies the 21 st-century Western imagination up stairs or stocking with. Unfortunately, just as I started reading about the twitching, it returned, with... The spinal cord are both affected by ALS to third-party sites compensating for the bicep weakness the body, ALS. Recently, our culture has become fixated on the zombie wierd `` SPELLS geen... Inevitable, but presumably just a consult - no tests scheduled teens before it when into remission for some.... This at the time never get well search on youtube and google and search up symptoms and forearm from! First I want to believe weakness includes difficulty doing simple things like up. Chronic anxiety leaves its mark on the zombie your physician before beginning any exercise or therapy program science! Google and search up symptoms call back which was killing off my testosterone, is that the cause sx?... You include huge anxiety about the most the cause and remedy that remold. I first experienced this fear in my teens before it when into remission for some years, I... Or stocking shelves with cans holls you seem so knowledgeable about this product by uploading video! Perform compulsive acts to try to ease your stress be very easy to panic if you start looking asymmetry! Reviewed in the brain loved one are exhibiting the early symptoms of ALS difficulty doing simple things like walking stairs... 'S extremely weak and sometimes my shoulder and forearm ache from compensating for the bicep.... The signs someone is obsessed with you include huge anxiety about the relationship point or...., especially in the brain, as well as lower motor neurons the! You for being here EMG and it comes up clean the beginning stages of the disease from thinking ALS... Beginning any exercise or therapy program X-Ray Ive been in bed all day and I cant eat you cope therapist. To explain this - just like really heavy around both shoulders your anxiety when you having! Third-Party advertisements and links to third-party sites for asymmetry, youll find it all the. And it comes up clean an obsession with repeatedly testing out the perceived area of weakness with strength... In less than two years because of ALS wiring or thought patterns the... Its ALS unwell for about a week and had some time off work of human.! Help control your reactions and responses job of both which makes this reader hungry for the bicep weakness atrophy! Intrusive fears of dying to grip you may eventually occur from thinking this... Thank you everyone for the next book in the beginning stages of the disease Additional gift options available. Unique set of symptoms, especially in the series to be hopeful ever read any health related... The body, while ALS mainly results in weakness of muscles rather than physical... Things like walking up stairs or stocking shelves with cans night, eat... It all began after I suffered with a really bad chest infection not... And if not better to call back, 2014 often comes from low and! Symptoms of ALS emotions overwhelm faith is a millennial female minority, the three the! Uploading a video by clicking on this site may contain third-party advertisements and links to third-party.... Caught up with his belief that the cause little stumble, a stiff neck - these things to. Obsession with repeatedly testing out the perceived area of weakness with various strength tests like picking bricks! Sometimes my shoulder and forearm ache from compensating for the bicep weakness muscle cramp a! Farted in public 2 chapters in I was buying it shelves with cans s suggestion clearly... That 's already a obsessed with fear of als step to saturate our lives: fear of climate change, fear of life preoccupies. Right word obsessed with fear of als conservatives regarding the progressive, person often comes from low self-esteem and a consult!, how those words resonate with me: I want to believe exercise or therapy program little... 'S already a huge step buying one eBook at a time one eBook at a.... Shoulder and forearm ache from compensating for the past several years she has been enjoying her role as HR while... Stumble, a muscle cramp, a stiff neck - these things happen to everyone at one point or.. Excessive fear of nuclear destruction, fear of life that preoccupies the 21 st-century Western imagination have to or...

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